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GlmS glucosamine-6-phosphate activated ribozyme
The Glucosamine-6-phosphate activated ribozyme ( ''glmS'' ribozyme) is an RNA structure that is both a ribozyme, since it catalyzes a chemical reaction, and a riboswitch, since it regulates genes in response to concentrations of a metabolite.〔
It was originally identified using bioinformatics in the 5' untranslated regions of ''glmS'' genes.
The GlmS enzyme catalyzes the production of glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P), and the ''glmS'' ribozyme is dependent on GlcN6P to achieve catalysis of its own cleavage. This cleavage leads to the degradation of the mRNA that contains the ribozyme, and ultimately lowers production of the GlmS enzyme, encoded by the ''glmS'' gene. The GlmS enzyme catalyzes the reaction to synthesize GlcN6P, so it is not required when GlcN6P levels are already high. When GlcN6P levels are low, the ribozyme does not cleave, allowing production of the GlmS enzyme, and ultimately more GlcN6P. In fact, GlcN6P is a cofactor for the cleavage reaction, as it directly participates in the chemical reaction as an acid-base catalyst.
==Structure==
The structure of the GlmS ribozyme has been determined by X-ray crystallography.〔〔 The RNA adopts a double pseudoknotted structure. The cofactor is bound in a solvent-accessible pocket and the structure suggests that the amine group of GlcN6P is involved in the catalytic process.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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